[doi:10.1063/1.3262626]“
“A minimally invasive imaging modality that provides both cellular and extracellular structural information with subcellular resolution is helpful for clinical diagnosis as well

as basic laboratory research in dermatology. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM), using femtosecond Selleckchem C59 laser as the light source, is efficient in non-linear excitation of endogenous fluorophores and induction of second harmonic generation signals from non-centrosymmetric biomolecules such as Collagen. This imaging modality is minimally invasive in the sense that much of the traditional histological procedures can be bypassed en route to obtain morphological and structural information of high scattering skin tissues. This unique feature has allowed clinical dermatological diagnosis, both ex vivo and in vivo. In addition to discussing the basic principles of multiphoton microscopy,

this review is aimed at emphasizing its specific applications to dermatological imaging, including characterizing stratum corneum structures, visualizing and quantifying transcutaneous drug delivery, detecting skin cancers, exploring Collagen structural transitions, and monitoring www.selleckchem.com/products/LY294002.html laser-skin interactions. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd on behalf of Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology.”
“Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a heterogeneous form of hematological cancer consisting of various subtypes. We are interested to study the genetic aberration in precursor B-cell ALL with specific DMH1 mw t(12; 21) translocation in childhood ALL patients. A high resolution 244K array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization (array-CGH) was used to study eleven ETV6/RUNX1-positive childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients.

Result: 155 chromosomal aberrations (119 losses, 36 gains) were reported in the array findings,

corresponding to 76.8% deletions and 23.2% amplifications. The ETV6 gene deletion occurred in 4 of the patients, corresponding to 45% of the sample. The most common alterations above 1 Mb were deletion 6q (13%), 12p (12%) and 9p (8%), and duplication 4q (6%) and Xq (4%). Other genes important in ALL were also identified in this study including RUNX1, CDKN2A, FHIT, and PAX5. The array-CGH technique was able to detect microdeletion as small as 400 bp.

Conclusion: The results demonstrate the usefulness of high resolution array-CGH as a complementary tool in the investigation of ALL.”
“A three-dimensional fluid plasma model is used to investigate the impact of azimuthally asymmetric reactor components on spatial characteristics of parallel plate capacitively coupled plasmas. We consider three scenarios: high frequency (13.56 MHz) argon discharges with, separately, an off-axis circular plate surrounding the bottom electrode and an access port opening in the reactor sidewall, and a very high frequency (162 MHz) argon discharge with nonparallel electrodes.