In this research, RNA was extracted from some other part of Isatis indigotica and reverse-transcribed into cDNA. Particular primers with enzyme restriction sites were designed, and a chalcone isomerase gene ended up being cloned from I. indigotica, named IiCHI. IiCHI had been 756 bp in total, containing an entire open reading framework and encoding 251 amino acids. Homology analysis revealed that IiCHI was closely pertaining to CHI necessary protein of Arabidopsis thaliana and had typical active sites of chalcone isomerase. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that IiCHI was categorized into type Ⅰ CHI clade. Recombinant prokaryotic appearance vector pET28a-IiCHI was constructed and purified to get IiCHI recombinant protein. In vitro enzymatic evaluation indicated that the IiCHI protein could convert naringenin chalcone into naringenin, but could not catalyze manufacturing of liquiritigenin by isoliquiritigenin. The outcomes of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR) revealed that the expression level of IiCHI in the aboveground parts ended up being more than that within the underground parts additionally the phrase amount ended up being the greatest into the flowers for the aboveground parts, accompanied by leaves and stems, with no appearance had been observed in the roots and rhizomes associated with the underground parts. This research features confirmed the function of chalcone isomerase in I. indigotica and provided references when it comes to biosynthesis of flavonoid components.To explore the changes and also the reaction components between earth microecological environment together with content of secon-dary metabolites of plants under water shortage, this study completed a pot research from the 3-leaf stage seedlings of Rheum officinale to investigate their particular response process under different drought gradients(normal water offer, moderate, reasonable, and extreme drought). The outcome indicated that the information of flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and alkaloids in the reason behind R. officinale varied greatly under drought stresses. Under moderate drought tension, the information of substances mentioned above had been relatively high medical nephrectomy , together with content of rutin, emodin, gallic acid, and(+)-catechin hydrate within the root significantly enhanced. The information of rutin, emodin, and gallic acid under serious drought stress ended up being substantially lower than that under normal water supply. The sheer number of species, Shannon diversity index, richness index, and Simpson list of micro-organisms when you look at the rhizosphere earth functional symbiosis were dramatically greater than those in blank soil, therefore the wide range of microbial species and richness list decreased notably with all the aggravation of drought stresses. When you look at the framework of liquid deficit, Cyanophyta, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Streptomyces, and Actinomyces had been the dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere of R. officinale. The relative content of rutin and emodin within the root of R. officinale was definitely correlated using the general variety of Cyanophyta and Firmicutes, and also the relative content of(+)-catechin hydrate and(-)-epicatechin gallate was positively correlated with the general variety of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. In summary, appropriate drought anxiety increases the information of additional metabolites of R. officinale from physiological induction and the escalation in the connection with useful microbe.By investigating the contamination standing and predicting the publicity chance of mycotoxin in Coicis Semen, we seek to provide guidance for the security supervision of Chinese medicinal materials therefore the formulation(revision) of mycotoxin limit standards. The content of 14 mycotoxins in the 100 Coicis Semen samples collected from five major areas of Chinese medicinal materials in Asia had been based on UPLC-MS/MS. The probability analysis model centered on Monte Carlo simulation technique had been read more established after Chi-square test and One-way ANOVA associated with sample contamination information. Wellness threat assessment had been performed based on margin of exposure(MOE) and margin of safety(MOS). The outcome showed that zearalenone(ZEN), aflatoxin B_1(AFB_1), deoxynivalenol(DON), sterigmatocystin(ST), and aflatoxin B_2(AFB_2) into the Coicis Semen samples had the recognition rates of 84%, 75%, 36%, 19%, and 18%, and also the mean contamination levels of 117.42, 4.78, 61.16, 6.61, and 2.13 μg·kg~(-1), respectively. Based on the limitation standards in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition), AFB_1, AFs and ZEN exceeded the requirements to certain extents, with all the over-standard prices of 12.0%, 9.0%, and 6.0%, correspondingly. The publicity dangers of Coicis Semen to AFB_1, AFB2, ST, DON, and ZEN had been reasonable, while 86% for the samples had been contaminated with several toxins, which requires more interest. It is strongly recommended that the research from the combined poisoning of various mycotoxins should always be strengthened to accelerate the cumulative publicity assessment of blended contaminations as well as the formulation(modification) of toxin limit standards.