The objective of this research is the development, analysis, and enhancement of a dental implant through the exploration of diverse square thread dimensions to establish the most effective form. A mathematical model was constructed in this study using the combined approach of finite element analysis (FEA) and numerical optimization. Using response surface method (RSM) and design of experiment (DOE), the study investigated the critical parameters of dental implants, which led to a superior implant shape. Under ideal conditions, the simulated outcomes underwent a comparative evaluation against the predicted values. Employing a one-factor RSM design model for dental implants subjected to a 450-newton vertical compressive load, the optimal thread depth-to-width ratio was determined to be 0.7, minimizing both von Mises and shear stresses. Analysis revealed that the buttress thread design yielded the lowest von Mises and shear stresses compared to square threads, resulting in calculated thread parameters: a depth 0.45 times the pitch, a width 0.3 times the pitch, and an angle of 17 degrees. Due to the fixed diameter of the implant, the interchangeability of 4-mm diameter abutments is a given.

Evaluating the impact of cooling techniques on reverse torque measurements for diverse implant abutments, specifically comparing bone-level and tissue-level implant scenarios, is the core objective of this study. Comparing cooled and uncooled implant abutments, the null hypothesis posited no difference in the reverse torque values of the abutment screws. Synthetic bone blocks held bone-level and tissue-level implants (Straumann, 36 implants per category), which were grouped into three categories (each with a sample size of 12) according to abutment type: titanium base, cementable, and screw-retained restorations abutments. Torque of 35 Ncm was uniformly applied to all abutment screws. Before releasing the abutment screw in half of the implant cases, a dry ice rod was used to treat the abutments close to the implant-abutment junction for exactly 60 seconds. No cooling was applied to the remaining implant-abutment units. Measurements of the maximum reverse torque values were accomplished using a digital torque meter. Mevastatin For each implant in the test groups, the tightening and untightening process, including a cooling phase, was carried out three times, generating eighteen reverse torque values per group. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to evaluate the impact of cooling and abutment type on the data collected. Post hoc t-tests were utilized to perform group comparisons, with a significance level set at .05. Using the Bonferroni-Holm method, p-values obtained from post-hoc tests were corrected to account for the effects of multiple comparisons. The null hypothesis was contradicted by the observed data. Mevastatin Bone-level implant reverse torque values varied considerably in response to changes in cooling and abutment type, as evidenced by a statistically significant difference (P = .004). Implants at the tissue level were excluded from the analysis, as indicated by a statistically significant result (P = .051). Following cooling, the measured reverse torque values for bone-level implants saw a substantial decrease, from 2031 ± 255 Ncm to 1761 ± 249 Ncm. Bone-level implants demonstrated a considerably higher average reverse torque, at 1896 ± 284 Ncm, compared to tissue-level implants, which had a value of 1613 ± 317 Ncm. This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Subsequent to cooling the implant abutment, a substantial decrease in reverse torque was observed in bone-level implants, potentially making this a beneficial preliminary step for procedures involving stuck implant removal.

This study aims to investigate whether prophylactic antibiotic use impacts sinus graft infection and/or dental implant failure rates during maxillary sinus lift procedures (primary endpoint), and to establish the optimal antibiotic protocol (secondary endpoint). A database search, spanning from December 2006 through December 2021, encompassed MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, and OpenGrey. English-language, comparative clinical studies, both prospective and retrospective, which included at least 50 patients, were deemed eligible. Our study's findings did not incorporate the results from animal studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, narrative literature reviews, books, case reports, letters to the editor, and commentaries. Independent review by two reviewers was undertaken for the assessment of the identified studies, data extraction, and evaluation of potential bias. Whenever required, the authors were contacted. Mevastatin The collected data's reporting was achieved through descriptive methods. Twelve studies ultimately satisfied the inclusion criteria. A retrospective study, the only one comparing antibiotic use to no antibiotic use, revealed no statistically significant difference in implant failure rates. However, data on sinus infection rates were absent. Analysis of the single randomized clinical trial comparing antibiotic regimens (intraoperative administration versus seven additional postoperative days) revealed no statistically significant variations in sinus infection rates between the treatment groups. Clinical data concerning the use or non-use of preventive antibiotics in sinus elevation procedures is insufficient to draw definitive conclusions, nor is there evidence supporting a superior protocol.

An examination of the accuracy (linear and angular deviation) of implant installations performed via computer-guided surgical procedures is undertaken, considering the impact of the surgical strategy (full guidance, partial guidance, and freehand procedures), the bone density (D1 to D4 classification), and the type of support (tooth- or mucosa-supported). Employing acrylic resin, sixteen partially edentulous and sixteen edentulous mandible models were fabricated. Each of these thirty-two models was individually calibrated for a distinct bone density, from D1 to D4. Ten mandibles, each of acrylic resin, received four implants, strategically positioned using Mguide software. Implant placement, totaling 128, varied according to bone density (D1-D4, 32 in each category), surgical guidance (80 fully guided [FG], 32 half-guided [HG], and 16 freehand [F]), and the supporting structures (64 tooth-supported and 64 mucosa-supported). Pre- and post-operative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were used to determine the linear, vertical, and angular differences between the planned and actual three-dimensional implant positions, calculated by assessing the linear and angular disparities. Using linear regression models and parametric tests, a detailed analysis of the effect was performed. Results from the neck, body, and apex regions' examination of linear and angular discrepancies strongly indicated the technique as the primary contributing factor. Bone type, although contributing, was of lesser influence. Nonetheless, both were significantly predictive parameters. Completely edentulous models frequently demonstrate an increase in these discrepancies. Linear deviations, as ascertained by regression models, demonstrate an increase of 6302 meters in the buccolingual dimension at neck level, and 8367 meters in the mesiodistal dimension at apex level, when contrasting FG and HG techniques. The HG and F procedures produce an increase which is additive in nature. The effect of bone density, as modeled by regression analyses, showed linear discrepancies rising by a range of 1326 meters axially to 1990 meters at the implant's apex buccolingually, for each reduction in density (D1 to D4). This in vitro study concludes that implant placement predictability is highest in dentate models exhibiting high bone density and a fully guided surgical methodology.

This study intends to assess the effects of screw-retained layered zirconia crowns, bonded to titanium nitride-coated titanium (TiN) CAD/CAM abutments, on the hard and soft tissue response, and mechanical integrity, supported by implants, at one and two years post-surgery. Forty-six patients received a total of 102 free-standing implant-supported crowns, each a layered zirconia restoration. Following bonding to their individual abutments in the dental laboratory, these were delivered as single-unit, screw-retained crowns. Baseline, one-year, and two-year data were collected, encompassing pocket probing depth, bleeding on probing, marginal bone levels, and mechanical complications encountered. From the 46 patient sample, 4 patients, who each had only one implant, were not tracked. These patients' data was not incorporated into the final analysis. Of the 98 remaining implants, 94 and 86 had soft tissue measurements taken at one and two years, respectively, following schedule disruptions due to the global pandemic. The average buccal and lingual pocket probing depths were 180/195mm and 209/217mm, respectively. Mean bleeding on probing, observed at 0.50 and 0.53 after one year and two years respectively, implies a bleeding occurrence that, per the study protocol, is somewhere between completely no bleeding to a minor bleeding event. Radiographic evaluation was possible for a sample of 74 implants at the end of year one and expanded to 86 implants by year two. The study's concluding measurement of the bone level, relative to the reference point, placed it at +049 mm mesially and +019 mm distally. One dental unit (1%) exhibited a mechanical complication due to a slight crown margin misalignment. Porcelain fractures were observed in 16 units (16%), while a preload decrease was seen in 12 units (12%), each showing less than 5 Ncm (or less than 20% of initial preload). Ceramic crowns, bonded to CAD/CAM screw-retained abutments with angled screw access, exhibited high levels of biological and mechanical stability, resulting in overall bone gain, favorable soft tissue health, and minimal mechanical complications limited to small porcelain fractures and negligible preload loss.

We seek to determine how the marginal accuracy of soft-milled cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) compares to other methods of construction and restorative materials for tooth/implant-supported restorations.