In addition to this, there were areas with an alveolar-like architecture containing nested groups of cells.”
“Raw materials (roots) of Rauvolfia serpentina were found associated with various storage moulds. During mycological screening, total 887 fungal isolates were recovered and among them Aspergillus flavus exhibited the highest relative density (35.74%). The essential oil (EO) of Ocimum sanctum was isolated through Clevenger’s hydro-distillation apparatus and investigated against A. flavus LHPRS7, isolated from raw materials. The GC-MS analysis of EO showed

41 considerable peaks. Eugenol (61.30%) was found as major Crenolanib molecular weight component followed by beta-Caryophyllene (11.89%) and Germacrene D (9.14%). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of O. Sanctum against A. flavus was found at 0.3 mu l ml(-1) while aflatoxin B-1 production was completely checked at 0.2 mu l ml(-1). The O. sanctum EO exhibited broad fungitoxic spectrum and also found efficacious in reducing fungal incidence during in vivo study. The EO reduces the number of A. flavus

isolates up to 62.94, 67.87 and 74.01% fumigated at concentration 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 mu l ml(-1) respectively. The HPTLC (high performance thin layer chromatography) analysis of raw materials in in vivo study reveals that alkaloid ajmaline was firmly degraded by fungal contamination while in the samples fumigated with O. sanctum EO, ajmaline was protected from fungal degradation due INCB018424 price to antifungal efficacy of EO. The prospects Selleck SNS-032 of exploitation of O. sanctum EO as acceptable plant based additive in qualitative as well as quantitative control of biodeterioration

of herbal raw materials have been discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Introduction: Delayed cardiac repolarization is an established risk factor for proarrhythmia and Torsades-de-Pointes (TdeP) that is typically measured in vitro during slow, regular stimulation. We have developed an alternative, novel, and rapid cellular-based approach for predicting drug-induced proarrhythmia that detects changes in electrical refractoriness based on mechanical responses (measured optically) during increasingly rapid trains of stimulation interspersed with pauses (mimicking the clinically observed short-long-short (SLS) stimulation sequence associated with the TdeP initiation).

Methods: Acutely isolated rabbit ventricular myocytes were superfused and electrically stimulated using an accelerating pacing protocol (APP) consisting of 12 consecutive pacing segments (10 beats per segment) with incrementally faster cycle lengths; trains were separated by pauses to identify loss of stimulus capture as well as to mimic clinically observed SLS sequences.