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“Background Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and

hypochlorous acid (HOCl) are reactive oxygen species that are part of the oxidative burst encountered by S. Typhimurium upon internalization by phagocytic cells. Under acidic conditions, such as those found inside the Mannose-binding protein-associated serine protease phagosome, H2O2 is generated spontaneously by the reaction of two superoxide anion (O2 −) molecules [1]. Moreover, S. Typhimurium encodes both periplasmic and cytoplasmic superoxide dismutases that catalyze O2 − dismutation to generate H2O2 and molecular oxygen [2–4]. HOCl is produced by the action of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in a reaction that depends on H2O2, Cl−and acidic conditions [5, 6]. Taken together, H2O2 and HOCl react with thiol and heme groups, copper and iron salts generating the reactive hydroxyl radical (OH.). As a consequence, they produce lipid peroxidation, chlorination of tyrosine residues, oxidation of iron centers, protein cross linking and DNA damage [5–8].